World Endangered Species Day: Seeing The Wild Side Of India

World Endangered Species Day | Many, many exotic, one-of-a-kind species of animals roam the corners of our planet. If you have seen Netflix's documentary "Our Planet," narrated by David Attenborough, then you must be aware of how blessed our planet is with the wide range of life that inhabits it. These charismatic wildlife species are dispersed across a wide of natural habitats. Whether it be the snow-capped Himalayan Mountain range, the sultry Sahara Desert, or even the lush green labyrinth that is the Amazon Rainforest, each area houses an uncompromising and unique range of wildlife. Sadly, though, many of these eye-catching species are endangered, many on the verge of extinction. India, for one, is an unparalleled abode for unique animals. Nearly 500 wildlife sanctuaries and national parks across its wide geography provide shelter to many such magnificent creatures. The Indian Cheetah, Aurochs, and Pink Headed-Ducks are some species that have become extinct in our country. Excessive hunting, poaching, deforestation and climate change over the years have disrupted the balance shared by nature and animals, leading to the current state of the situation. Endangered Animals In IndiaRoyal Bengal TigerYet, despite these challenges, hope is not lost. Conservation efforts across the subcontinent have seen a gradual increase in tiger populations in certain areas, especially in protected reserves such as the Sundarbans and the Corbett National Park. Nilgiri Tahr The primary threat to the Nilgiri Tahr is habitat loss. Expanding human settlements, agricultural activities, and the encroachment of non-native species have reduced the Tahr's habitat, leaving only isolated patches of suitable terrain. Additionally, poaching, though less frequent than in the past, still poses a danger, as the Tahr's thick fur has sometimes made it a target for hunters.Tiger ToadOne of the most alarming threats to the Tiger Toad’s survival is the widespread use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture, which can contaminate water sources and harm amphibian populations. These chemicals not only poison the toads but disrupt the food chain, diminishing the prey that sustains them. Additionally, the loss of wetland habitats has made breeding sites increasingly scarce, putting further strain on the population.Western Red Panda The Western Red Panda is an iconic species, yet it is at risk, with populations dwindling due to a range of threats that put its future in jeopardy.Native to the temperate forests of Nepal, India, Bhutan, and Myanmar, the Western Red Panda is an expert climber, spending much of its time in the high-altitude bamboo forests that provide it with both food and shelter. Primarily herbivorous, its diet consists mostly of bamboo, but it will also eat fruits, acorns, and small insects. Known for its elusive behaviour and unique lifestyle, the Western Red Panda is often described as a "living fossil," a species that has existed largely unchanged for millions of years.Long Tailed Macaque Despite their adaptability, Long-Tailed Macaques face serious threats. Habitat destruction is a primary concern, as extensive logging, deforestation for agriculture, and urban expansion continue to encroach upon their natural environment. The destruction of tropical rainforests, which are vital for the macaque's survival, not only reduces the amount of food and shelter available but also fragments populations, limiting their ability to roam and find mates.Asiatic LionHistorically, the Asiatic lion roamed across a vast range, from Greece and Turkey to the Indian subcontinent. However, due to hunting, habitat destruction, and human-wildlife conflict, their numbers dwindled, and by the early 20th century, they were on the brink of extinction. At one point, fewer than 20 lions remained in the wild, confined to the isolated Gir Forest in Gujarat. This near-extinction was a result of centuries of overhunting and deforestation, driven by human expansion.GaurHowever, the Gaur faces multiple threats. Habitat destruction is the primary challenge, as forests are cleared for agriculture, logging, and human settlements. The fragmentation of their natural habitat leaves the Gaur isolated in smaller pockets, reducing their access to food and breeding opportunities. Additionally, poaching for their meat and hide, along with conflicts with local farmers and villagers, further exacerbate the population decline.Disease transmission from domestic cattle is another growing threat, as Gaur populations come into contact with livestock in areas where human settlements have expanded. This has led to instances of disease outbreaks among Gaur herds, further weakening their numbers.Snow LeopardHowever, despite their adaptations and formidable hunting abilities, Snow Leopards are facing significant challenges. The primary threat to their survival is habitat loss due to human encroachment, mining, and the construction of infrastructure in their remote mountain homes. As human populations expand and roads and settlements creep into these high-altitude regions, Snow Leopard territories are becoming increasingly fragmented, leading to fewer opportunities for breeding and reducing the overall genetic diversity of the species.This story was first published on May 7, 2019; and it has since been updated.Rare Golden Tiger Spotted In Kaziranga National Park