Uganda: Anti-Gay Legislation Becomes Law, Allows Death Penalty For Certain Acts

LGBTQ rights campaigners say the new legislation is unnecessary in a country where homosexuality has long been illegal under a colonial-era law criminalising sexual activity 'against the order of nature'.

Outlook Web Desk

Updated on: 30 May 2023 11:47 am

The rainbow-coloured flag has emerged as the symbol of the LGBTQ-rights movement over the years.

Uganda's President Yoweri Museveni has signed into law a legislation that institutes death penalty for certain homosexual activities.

The anti-gay legislation has been condemned outside Uganda, but its supporters in the country say it's essential.

The law prescribes the death penalty for "aggravated homosexuality", which is defined as cases of sexual relations involving people infected with HIV, as well as with minors and other categories of vulnerable people. A suspect convicted of “attempted aggravated homosexuality” can be imprisoned for up to 14 years, according to the legislation.

The law does not ban private gay sex. The BBC quoted the law's sponsor, lawmaker Asman Basal Irwa, as saying that public acts and roping others in it is a "problem".

Irwa told BBC, "It does not bother anybody if two adults are engaged in gay sex in private. And even then, the law does not look for those who are doing their things in private. But once you seek to do it in public and then you are recruiting others to do things your way, that's where the problem is."

Parliamentary Speaker Anita Among said in a statement that the president had “answered the cries of our people” in signing the bill.

"With a lot of humility, I thank my colleagues the Members of Parliament for withstanding all the pressure from bullies and doomsday conspiracy theorists in the interest of our country," the statement said.

Museveni had returned the bill to the national assembly in April, asking for changes that would differentiate between identifying as LGBTQ and actually engaging in homosexual acts. That angered some lawmakers, including some who feared the president would proceed to veto the bill amid international pressure. Lawmakers passed an amended version of the bill earlier in May.

LGBTQ rights campaigners say the new legislation is unnecessary in a country where homosexuality has long been illegal under a colonial-era law criminalising sexual activity "against the order of nature". The punishment for that offense is life imprisonment.

The United States has warned of economic consequences over legislation described by Amnesty International as "draconian and overly broad".

The UN Human Rights Office said Monday it was "appalled that the draconian and discriminatory anti-gay bill is now law", describing the legislation as ”a recipe for systematic violations of the rights" of LGBTQ people and others.

In a joint statement Monday, the leaders of the U.N. AIDS program, the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Global Fund said they were "deeply concerned about the harmful impact" of the legislation on public health and the HIV response.

The statement said, "Uganda's progress on its HIV response is now in grave jeopardy. The Anti-Homosexuality Act 2023 will obstruct health education and the outreach that can help end AIDS as a public health threat."

That statement noted that "stigma and discrimination associated with the passage of the Act has already led to reduced access to prevention as well as treatment services" for LGBTQ people.

Rights activists have the option of appealing the legislation before the constitutional court. An anti-gay bill enacted in 2014 was later nullified by a panel of judges who cited a lack of quorum in the plenary session that had passed that particular bill. Any legal challenge this time is likely to be heard on the merits, rather than on technical questions.

Anti-gay sentiment in Uganda has grown in recent weeks amid news coverage alleging sodomy in boarding schools, including a prestigious school for boys where a parent accused a teacher of abusing her son.

The February decision of the Church of England 's national assembly to continue banning church weddings for same-sex couples while allowing priests to bless same-sex marriages and civil partnerships outraged many in Uganda and elsewhere in Africa.

Homosexuality is criminalised in more than 30 of Africa's 54 countries. Some Africans see it as behaviour imported from abroad and not a sexual orientation.

(With AP inputs)