Indian Art Forms That Survived British Colonisation

Art in the forms of miniature paintings, which are characterized by their fine workmanship, as well as bold lines and colors, were practiced well into the British colonization of India. The regional schools such as Mughal, Rajput, and Pahari were evolving to conform to the demands of a different patronage and change of taste. The artists were able to adapt to the new influences and incorporate them into the tradition, thus preserving this delicate artistry. The support of regional courts and the adaptation to new subjects and techniques helped miniature painting endure.

Madhubani Art

Originating from Bihar, in the Mithila region, Madhubani art has several features such as several geometrical patterns as well as several mythological themes. Even after colonization started influencing the socio-political aspect of the region, the art form still remained in the hands of the village women. The continuation and appreciation of this folk art during the post-independence period also helped in its survival and growth. The role of the government and especially the efficiency of NGOs has significantly influenced the promotion of Madhubani art.

Handicrafts

Weaving and Textile Arts

Handloom weaving traditions such as Banarasi silk, Kanchipuram silk, and Pashmina shawls of India also came under threat from British industrial-produced textiles. However, the décor and sophistication of the handwoven fabrics in India enabled these traditions to withstand the test. The formation of cooperatives and attempts to recover the dormant arts have also enhanced the sustainability of these art forms. Handmade traditions were passed through the family line, and the encouragement of the Swadeshi movement focused on utilizing local fabrics.

Pottery

Some of the historical pottery like the blue pottery of Jaipur and the terracotta art of West Bengal was able to sustain through colonial rule. Due to these changes in demands and preferences, artisans were able to change the way they worked to sustain those arts. Today, Indian pottery is considered to be one of the most valuable crafts of the country that reflects the history of people. From the government’s policies like the craft councils and the exhibitions, these traditions were able to be sustained.

The fact that native Indian art forms were able to sustain themselves even when Britain colonized India is an index to Indian artists. These art forms being passed on through generations, preserved through evolution and reinvention form an indispensable part of Indian culture. Being optimistic and looking forward to the recognition of the Indian arts necessary, it is imperative to contribute to the continuation of these traditions for the next generations.