- Fieldwork carried out between 18- 29 April 2002
- Quotas set by gender and religion, according to the known population profile of the region
- Data are unweighted
- An asterisk (*) denotes a figure of less than 0.5% but greater than zero
- Where percentages do not sum to100%, this is because of computer rounding or multiple responses
- The base for each question is all respondents interviewed (850) unless otherwise stated
I am conducting a survey for a non-governmental organization about the political situation in Jammu and Kashmir and how to find a long-lasting solution, and I would like to ask you a few questions.
| Q1. Thinking about the violence over the last 10 years, do you think Kashmir is now closer to reaching a long-lasting political solution, is it now further from reaching a long-lasting political solution/ or has there been no real change over the last 10 years? | |
| % | |
| Closer to a long- lasting political solution | 24 |
| Further from a long- lasting political solution | 34 |
| No real change | 41 |
| Don't Know | 1 |
| Q2. Overall has Pakistan's involvement in Jammu and Kashmir over the past 10 years been good for the region, bad for the region, or made no real difference? | |
| % | |
| Good | 15 |
| Bad | 66 |
| No real difference | 18 |
| Don't Know | 1 |
| Q3. Do you think Pakistan's involvement in Jammu and Kashmir is or is not ... | |||||
| Is | Is Not | Don't Know | |||
| (a) | Sincere and based on genuine concern for Kashmiris | % | 31 | 68 | 1 |
| (b) | Based on territorial ambition | % | 59 | 39 | 2 |
| (c) | Based on religious affinity due to the Muslim character of the valley | % | 84 | 15 | 1 |
| Q4. Do you think the presence of foreign militants in Jammu and Kashmir is helpful to the Kashmir cause, damaging to the Kashmir cause' or neither particularly helpful nor damaging? | |
| % | |
| Helpful to the Kashmir cause | 10 |
| Damaging to the Kashmir cause | 65 |
| Neither particularly helpful nor damaging | 24 |
| Don't Know | 1 |
| Q5. Do you think human rights violations by Indian security forces in Jammu and Kashmir are widespread occasional or non-existent? | |
| % | |
| Widespread | 27 |
| Occasional | 17 |
| Non-existent | 54 |
| Don't know | 2 |
| Q6. And do you think human rights violations by militant groups in Jammu and Kashmir are widespread, occasional, or nonexistent? | |
| % | |
| Widespread | 48 |
| Occasional | 16 |
| Non-existent | 34 |
| Don't know 2 | 2 |
| Q7. From where do you think the militants in Jammu and Kashmir receive their weapons training and financial resources:? Is it... | |||
| % | |||
| From within Jammu and Kashmir | 24 | ||
| From Pakistan | 57 | ||
| From Somewhere Else | Includes | ||
| United Arab Emirates | 3 | ||
| Afghanistan | 1 | ||
| Other Unspecified Countries | 1 | ||
| America | * | ||
| Iran | * | ||
| Don't Know/Can't Say | 11 | ||
| 16 | |||
| Don't know | 23 | ||
| Q8. On balance do you agree or disagree with each of these statements about Jammu and Kashmir? | |||||
| Agree | Disagree | Don't Know | |||
| (a) | The correct way to bring peace to the region is through democratic elections | % | 71 | 28 | * |
| (b) | It is not possible to hold democratic elections while violence continues | % | 65 | 34 | 1 |
| (c) | India and Pakistan should go to war in order to find a permanent solution to the situation in Kashmir | % | 36 | 63 | 1 |
| (d) | A new political party is needed to bring about a permanent solution in Kashmir | % | 53 | 46 | 1 |
| (e) | The unique cultural identity of Jammu and Kashmir - Kashmiryat - should be preserved in any long-term solution | % | 81 | 19 | * |
| Q9. I am going to read out some proposals. Please tell me whether you think each one will or will not help to bring peace to the state of Jammu and Kashmir. | |||||
| Will | Will Not | Don't Know | |||
| (a) | The holding of free and fair elections to elect the people's representatives | % | 86 | 14 | 1 |
| (b) | Direct consultation between the Indian government and the people of Kashmir | % | 87 | 12 | 1 |
| (c) | People in Jammu and Kashmir having the freedom to travel in both directions across the Line of Control | % | 64 | 35 | * |
| (d) | Displaced Kashmiri Pundits being allowed to return to their homes | % | 80 | 19 | 1 |
| (e) | People from outside of Kashmir being encouraged to invest in the area to help rebuild Kashmirrs economy and tourist industry | % | 74 | 25 | 1 |
| (f) | Security forces scaling down their operations in Jammu and Kashmir | % | 53 | 46 | 1 |
| (g) | An end to militant violence in the region | % | 86 | 10 | 3 |
| (h) | Economic development of the region to provide more job opportunities and and a reduction in poverty | % | 93 | 6 | 1 |
| (i) | The banning of television, beauty parlours and cinemas | % | 28 | 71 | 1 |
| (j) | Stopping infiltration of militants across the Line of Control | % | 88 | 10 | 1 |
| Q. 10 Do you think Indo-Pakistani dialogue on Kashmir can lead to a positive outcome if held immediately, only when cross border terrorism ends, or not at all? | |
| % | |
| Immediately | 51 |
| Only when cross-border terrorism ends | 36 |
| Not at all | 13 |
| Don't Know | * |
| Q.11. On balance, do you support or oppose each of the following proposals to help lead to a long-term solution to the political situation in Kashmir? | |||||
| Support | Oppose | Don't Know | |||
| (a) | India and Pakistan should grant as much autonomy as they can to both sides of Kashmir to govern their own affairs | % | 55 | 44 | * |
| (b) | The borders between Pakistan-controlled Kashmir and Indian Kashmir should be opened for much more trade and cultural exchange | % | 70 | 30 | * |
| (c) | There should be a forum in which Kashmiris from both sides of the Line of Control can discuss common interests | % | 91 | 9 | * |
| (d) | The state of Jammu and Kashmir should be divided on the basis of religion or ethnic group | % | 8 | 92 | * |
| Q.12. On balance, do you support or oppose each of the following organizations? | |||||
| Support | Oppose | Don't Know | |||
| POLITICAL PARTIES | |||||
| (a) | National Conference | % | 18 | 81 | * |
| (b) | Congress | % | 29 | 71 | * |
| (c) | Communist Party of India (Marxist)/CPM | % | 2 | 97 | 1 |
| (d) | Bhartiya Junta Party - BJP | % | 25 | 75 | * |
| (e) | People's Democratic Party ~ POP | % | 3 | 96 | 1 |
| RADICAL GROUPS | |||||
| (f) | All Party Hurriyat Conference / APHC | % | 22 | 78 | * |
| (g) | Jammu Kashmi Democratic Freedom Party / JKDFP | % | 16 | 84 | * |
| MILITANT GROUPS | |||||
| (h) | Hizbul Mujahideen | % | 11 | 67 | 22 |
| (i) | Any foreign militant groups (e.g.Lashkar-e-Toiba, Jalsh-e Mohammad) | % | 9 | 69 | 22 |
| Q. 13. Do you think you would be better off politically and economically as an Indian citizen or as a Pakistani citizen? | |
| % | |
| Indian citizen | 61 |
| Pakistani citizen 6 | 6 |
| Don't Know | 33 |
MORI
