Sermorelin Peptide | Ultimate Guide In 2023

Sermorelin , a growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) analogue, has shown promise in various areas beyond its clinical use for assessing growth hormone secretion. While more research is needed to fully understand its potential benefits, there are some areas of interest where Sermorelin has shown positive effects in animal trials. To fully understand what is sermorelin, the following article explores some of the research results and findings that have catapulted this particular peptide to the forefront of a great deal of research. 

What Is Sermorelin? 

Sermorelin is a synthetic peptide that is derived from a portion of the human growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH). It is classified as a GHRH analogue or a growth hormone-releasing peptide. GHRH is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus in the brain, and it stimulates the pituitary gland to naturally release growth hormone (GH) into the bloodstream, to learn more about Sermorelin visit Peptide Sciences .  

Sermorelin is designed to mimic the actions of natural GHRH. It acts on the pituitary gland and stimulates the secretion of natural growth hormone. By increasing the production and release of growth hormone, Sermorelin can have various effects on the body. 

Sermorelin is primarily used clinically for the assessment of growth hormone secretion. It is often used in diagnostic tests to evaluate the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, especially in cases where growth hormone deficiency is suspected[1]. Sermorelin is generally superior to GH in these types of studies because it evaluates more the GH axis and because it has fewer side effects and a lower potential for accidental overdose. 

In addition to its diagnostic use, Sermorelin has also attracted attention for its potential therapeutic benefits in certain conditions. Some of these potential benefits include promoting tissue repair, increasing bone density, improving nutritional status, supporting renal function, potentially mitigating the effects of dementia, and reducing seizure activity. However, it is important to note that further research is needed to establish the safety and efficacy of Sermorelin in these specific therapeutic applications. 

Sermorelin is typically administered through subcutaneously, and the dosage and frequency of administration may vary depending on the specific purpose of research use or the individual's medical condition. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional for proper guidance and supervision when considering the use of Sermorelin. 

What Is Sermorelin Research Revealing? 

An overview of sermorelin research shows that the peptide is of great interest in a variety of different disciplines. Heralded as “the closest to the fountain of youth” that humanity has yet come, it should come as no surprise that sermorelin features heavily in anti-aging research. Some of the other areas in which it is being investigated, however, might be more obscure to certain readers. What follows is an overview of the basic areas of sermorelin research, some of which are treated with much greater deal later on. 

Improving Heart Health: Studies have suggested that Sermorelin may promote tissue repair and reduce scarring after a heart attack. It may help improve cardiac function and enhance the recovery process. 

Increasing Bone Density and Lean Body Mass: Sermorelin has been investigated for its potential to increase bone mineral density. It may help promote bone growth and reduce the risk of osteoporosis, particularly in aging individuals. 

Improving Nutrition in Chronic Illness: Sermorelin has been studied for its ability to improve nutritional status in individuals with chronic illnesses. It may enhance appetite and nutrient absorption, leading to improved overall nutrition and well-being. 

Improving Renal Function: Some research suggests that Sermorelin may have a positive impact on renal function. It may help protect and restore kidney health, potentially benefiting individuals with certain kidney conditions. 

Fighting Dementia: Preliminary studies have indicated that Sermorelin may have neuroprotective properties and could potentially help in fighting the effects of dementia. It may support cognitive function and provide neuroprotection against certain neurodegenerative conditions. 

Reducing Seizure Activity: There is limited evidence suggesting that Sermorelin may have anticonvulsant effects and could potentially reduce seizure activity in certain individuals. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and effectiveness in this regard. 

Reducing the Effects of Aging: There is good evidence to indicate that sermorelin can offset the effects of aging by improving sleep, reducing cardiac remodeling, and increasing growth hormone levels. The benefits of sermorelin in aging are supported most extensively by studies in mice. 

Sermorelin and Somatopause 

Somatopause refers to a natural decline in the production of growth hormone (GH) that occurs with age. It is often considered a part of the aging process and is similar to menopause in women and andropause (or "male menopause") in men. 

The term "somatopause" is derived from "soma," which means body, and "pause," indicating a pause or decline in the production of growth hormone. Growth hormone is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the brain, and it plays a crucial role in stimulating growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration in the body. 

During childhood and adolescence, the production of growth hormone is high, leading to rapid growth and development. However, as individuals reach adulthood and continue to age, the production of growth hormone gradually decreases. This decline typically starts in the late 20s or early 30s and continues throughout life. 

The reduction in growth hormone levels during somatopause can result in various effects on the body. Some common symptoms associated with somatopause include decreased muscle mass and strength, increased body fat, reduced bone density, diminished exercise capacity, lower energy levels, decreased libido, and changes in sleep patterns. These changes are often attributed to the decline in growth hormone and the subsequent impact on various bodily functions. Many of the things we commonly associate with the aging process are, in fact, caused by the decline in growth hormone. Boosting growth hormone levels may, in the near future, be as common as hormone replacement therapy (HRT) following menopause. And right now, sermorelin is under active investigation in animal models to understand if it would be useful for just such a purpose. 

Sermorelin in Anti-Aging Research 

Optimizing growth hormone levels may one day be as common as optimizing estrogen and testosterone levels is today. It is important to note that the term optimize is being used because both too much and too little growth hormone can be problematic. Its safety profile and relative impossibility of causing overdose is one of the reasons that sermorelin is so frequently used in research on growth hormone secretion. Because sermorelin is subject to normal physiologic feedback mechanisms, it is actually very difficult to cause an excessive growth hormone spike with it. Many scientists find this to be a great attribute of the peptide, one that makes it easy to administer. What makes sermorelin so safe is that 

• Its effects are regulated by negative feedback from the hormone somatostatin. This makes overdoses of GH secondary to sermorelin administration difficult to achieve; 
• The pattern of GH release that it causes mirrors normal physiologic patterns of GH release; 
• Sermorelin stimulates the pituitary gland to produce more growth hormone and thus does not lead to GH depletion; and 
• The pituitary gland gains function that has been lost due to age following sermorelin administration, which, in turn, helps slow the cascade of hypophyseal hormone failure that occurs during aging[2]. 

Pointing out the relative safety profile of sermorelin explains why it is a favorite of researchers investigating growth hormone secretion, but it doesn’t explain why sermorelin is of such great interest in anti-aging research over other peptides that have similar safety profiles. Well, as it turns out, sermorelin is one of a handful of peptides found to not only offset the effects of aging, but to actually prolong life. Research in mice indicates that sermorelin may increase the average lifespan of a population when used consistently for a long period of time. 

In mouse models, mean life expectancy increased by eight weeks from 26 weeks to 34 weeks, which amounts to a 30% increase. This was due, at least in part, to reductions in oxidative stress and increases in telomerase activity[3]. Mice in the study showed improved cognition and balance, living not only longer lives, but healthier lives as well. 

Additionally, the general benefits associated with optimizing growth hormone include 

• Improved metabolism, 
• Improved body composition, 
• Enhanced immune function 
• Accelerated wound and injury healing, 
• Better cardiac function, and 
• Improved sleep. 

What Is Sermorelin’s Effect on the Immune System? 

The potential effects of sermorelin on the immune system are an area of ongoing research and investigation. It is, however, well-established that growth hormone plays a role in immune system regulation. Growth hormone receptors are found on various immune cells, and growth hormone influences immune cell proliferation, maturation, and function. Optimal growth hormone levels are important for maintaining immune homeostasis and optimal immune responses. 

However, it's important to note that the immune system is a complex network of cells and processes, and the relationship between growth hormone and immune function is not fully understood. Some animal studies suggest that sermorelin may have a stimulating effect on the immune system, increasing overall immune function by 30% after four months of administration[4]. While optimizing immune function is desirable, it's crucial to approach any potential immune-enhancing interventions with caution and therefore a great deal of research needs to be performed to fully understand all of the nuances of sermorelin’s impact on immune function. 

Sermorelin and Sleep: A Key to Longevity 

Optimal sleep has been associated with various health benefits, including improved cardiovascular health, immune function, hormonal balance, and cognitive function. Therefore, interventions that can enhance sleep efficiency and promote healthier sleep patterns can have a positive impact on overall health and potentially slow down some of the effects of aging. 

Sermorelin has been shown to help regulate orexin signaling and orexin is a potent regulator of sleep. Orexin, also known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide produced in the central nervous system, particularly in specialized neurons located in the hypothalamus. It plays a critical role in regulating sleep-wake patterns, appetite, energy balance, and various other physiological functions. Research in fish shows that sermorelin can enhance orexin secretion[5].  

Sleep dysfunction becomes more prevalent as we age and may, to some degree, be connected to changes in growth hormone signaling and subsequent changes in orexin regulation. Interestingly, orexin levels have a profound effect on feeding behavior, addiction behavior, lipid metabolism, mood, concentration, and more. Thus, regulation of growth hormone helps to regulate everything from wound healing and energy balance to mood and cognition. 

It is also worth noting that the glymphatic system, a recently discovered waste clearance system in the brain, has also been linked to sleep. This system becomes more active during sleep and is involved in removing metabolic waste and toxins from the central nervous system that accumulate from normal daily activity. It is thought that long-term dysfunction of the glymphatic system, perhaps due to sleep deprivation or inadequate sleep, may contribute to a number of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease. By improving sleep duration, depth, and quality, sermorelin increases the amount of time the glymphatic system has to operate each night. This, in turn, leads to a more extensive removal of metabolic byproducts. If the hypothesis that these byproducts can be toxic when they accumulate too much is true, then the benefits of sermorelin on sleep may provide a direct biological mechanism by which the peptide enhances longevity. 

Sermorelin and Heart Health 

Growth hormone, including its synthetic analogs like sermorelin, has been associated with various effects on the cardiovascular system. It plays a role in cardiac remodeling, inflammation, blood vessel growth, and cardiomyocyte survival. 

Some research studies have suggested that sermorelin may have potential benefits in reducing cardiac scarring and remodeling following a heart attack. It has been hypothesized that sermorelin may promote the survival of heart muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) by reducing inflammation and promoting blood vessel growth[6], [7]. These effects could potentially contribute to improved heart function and overall cardiovascular health. 

Preserving ejection fraction, which is the amount of blood expelled by the heart with each contraction, is indeed critical for maintaining efficient heart function. While the long-term effects of sermorelin supplementation on heart function have not been fully studied, it is reasonable to conclude that optimizing growth hormone levels may have potential benefits in ensuring optimal heart function throughout life. Research in large-animal models of chronic kidney disease have shown that sermorelin and other GHRH agonists can preserved ejection fraction even in the setting of heart failure[8]. 

It appears that sermorelin signaling pathways may represent a new molecular target to counteract dysfunctional cardiomyocyte relaxation by altering how cardiac muscle fibers are phosphorylated. In other words, sermorelin may directly improve heart function by increasing the effectiveness of the heart muscle itself. This isn’t the only benefit though, but rather the newest benefit attributed to the peptide. Researchers have long known that sermorelin and certain other GHRH agonists can reduce cardiac scarring (i.e. fibrosis) and help to preserve healthy heart tissue[9]. 

The benefits of sermorelin in the heart do not appear to be limited to only the preventative either. Research in rats indicates that sermorelin, and perhaps other GHRH agonists, can reverse ventricular remodeling that occurs after a heart attack. The research shows that this is not just a molecular change either, but that administration of sermorelin following a heart attack leads to enhanced functional recovery of the heart. Rats given the peptide show superior hemodynamic profiles when compared to non-treated rats. The treated rats show reduced cardiac muscle damage along with increased mitosis of both heart muscle cells and supportive cells[10].  

Similar results have been shown in pigs, which share similar heart structure and function with humans[11]. In fact, pig hearts are so similar to the hearts of humans that pig valves are often used in valve replacement procedures. In 2016, a study in pigs revealed that sermorelin 

• reduces cell death in cardiomyocytes, 
• increases the production of extracellular matrix components needed for adequate healing, 
• increases the growth of blood vessels to damaged tissue, and 
• reduces the production of substances that cause damaging inflammation. 

Given the serious nature of heart disease and the abundance of grant funding to research it, it should come as little surprise that the role of sermorelin in protecting the heart is a primary focus of research on the peptide. Sermorelin has been shown to improve diastolic function, reduce scar size, and increase capillary growth in the setting of heart disease. With well-established animal models of heart disease and a dire need for effective treatment, it is likely that research in this area will continue to be extensive. 

Sermorelin Cost in Eye Injury 

Treating eye injuries is one of the most difficult tasks in medicine. The eye is a complicated conglomeration of vascular and neurologic tissue that is extremely sensitive to manipulation. Preserving vision following injury, whether that injury is traumatic or disease-related, is important to reducing morbidity and preserving quality of life. Unfortunately, current approaches are limited in their effectiveness and are expensive. Sermorelin cost is affordable, however, and research is suggesting that it may be a useful tool in preserving vision. 

A study in mouse models indicates that administration of sermorelin can help to preserve retinal ganglion cells following optic nerve injury. Researchers have shown that increased numbers of macrophages in the retina, following injury, can help to preserve the neurons (ganglion) in the optic nerve. Now they have demonstrated that sermorelin can increase macrophage survival, meaning sermorelin may be an important tool in preserving the optic nerve following injury[12]. It should come as no surprise that sermorelin has some benefit in this capacity given that it is known to enhance immune system function in a number of settings. Of course, sermorelin cost means that this treatment approach is affordable. The peptide is thus offering a cost-effective means of preserving vision that is possibly more effective than current treatment modalities. 

Research in mouse models of diabetic eye disease (diabetic retinopathy) have also shown some benefit to sermorelin administration. Again, in this research, sermorelin appeared to preserve function by protecting retinal ganglion cells from damage caused by high blood sugar. It appears to exert anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the retina. It also alters gene expression patterns to decrease vascular endothelial growth factor expression while increasing pigment epithelium-derived factor. Overall, this leads to decreased vascular permeability and reduced damage to the eye[13]. As diabetic retinopathy is one of the primary complications of diabetes and a driver of medical costs associated with the disease, the ability to protect the eye in this setting could mean that the sermorelin cost/benefit analysis skews heavily in favor of benefit. 

What Is Sermorelin’s Anti-Oxidant Effect? 

Sections above have touched on the ability of sermorelin to reduce inflammation and improve the body’s antioxidant effect, but have not gone into any detail. The anti-inflammatory effects of sermorelin, however, are amongst the most important effects that the peptide has and thus deserve more in-depth coverage. After all, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects have long been associated with increased health and enhanced lifespan. 

Research in mice indicates that sermorelin reduces pro-oxidative and inflammatory markers by directly affecting the expression of genes responsible for inflammation. In other words, sermorelin alters the function of DNA in the setting of inflammation to help restrict the process at its most fundamental level. In fact, research indicates a decrease in proinflammatory genes such as nuclear factor-kB, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 following sermorelin administration[14]. 

Extending the anti-oxidant research into sermorelin is a recent study on the dysfunction of endoplasmic reticulum in the setting of type 2 diabetes. Endoplasmic reticulum is a structure within cells that plays a critical role in the protein formation processes. Recent research has shown that dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum secondary to oxidative stress is a key mechanism in the decreased insulin secretion and resulting beta cell death that takes place in type 2 diabetes[15]. Agents that can influence this process would therefore be useful in the long-term management of type 2 diabetes. Research in mice has previously shown that GHRH analogues increase cell proliferation and insulin secretion, but the exact mechanism of this effect has remained a mystery. Now, results indicate that GHRH agonists like sermorelin can ameliorate and even eliminate endoplasmic reticulum stress by reducing oxidative stress. This ultimately leads to greater survival of beta cells and a slowed progression in type 2 diabetes[16]. 

The Behavioral Effects of Sermorelin 

The newest research on sermorelin is showing some very remarkable things. For years it has been speculated by researchers that anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) might be linked with inflammation and oxidative stress. Over time, that link has become more obvious, suggesting that inflammation and oxidative stress may contribute to some of the pathological factors that lead to anxiety and depression. As a result, it stands to reason that anti-oxidants can help to mitigate certain conditions that have, to this point, been considered to be more the purview of mental health than anything else. 

Research in mice that was looking at the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of sermorelin has more or less proved the above conjecture to be accurate. Mice given GHRH agonists, like sermorelin, show increased levels of antidepressant neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and serotonin in addition to decreases in a number of inflammatory markers like interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. These changes in the brains of mice were accompanied by down regulation of certain genes in the prefrontal cortices of these mice after 4 weeks of treatment. In other words, this one study showed that GHRH agonists like sermorelin can directly affect monoaminergic signaling in the brain as well as inflammatory and oxidative gene pathways[14]. 

Additional research in mice has shown that GHRH and its agonists are important regulators of the metabolism of reactive oxygen and nitrogen molecules (ROS/RNS). ROS/RNS are molecules that are naturally produced in the body as byproducts of cellular metabolism, and they play important roles in various physiological functions. 

ROS/RNS can act as signaling molecules and contribute to processes such as cell signaling, immune responses, and cellular homeostasis. However, excessive accumulation of ROS/RNS can lead to oxidative stress, which can cause damage to cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and DNA. Oxidative stress has been implicated in various age-related diseases, in the aging process itself, and now in the genesis and/or maintenance of certain behavioral health disorders. 

GHRH and its agonists, including sermorelin, have been studied for their potential effects on oxidative stress and ROS/RNS metabolism. It has been suggested that GHRH agonists may enhance the body's antioxidant defense mechanisms and reduce oxidative stress, potentially leading to beneficial effects on aging-related processes. 

Sermorelin Cost in the Setting of Cancer 

Research carried out in 2021 has supported the long-held hypothesis that sermorelin may be beneficial in the setting of cancer. The research carried out in more than 1000 patients suffering from glioma (a type of brain tumor) revealed that gliomas are most sensitive to sermorelin and that the peptide is capable of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation by blocking cell cycle progression in cancer cells and stimulating the immune system (particularly anti-cancer macrophages) to seek out and destroy cancer cells. Patients in the trial showed benefit from sermorelin that was independent of any other form of treatment administered[17]. 

The role of macrophages in controlling tumor cells has long been of interest to researchers. Most recently, research has revealed that there is a specific subpopulation of macrophages, called tumor-associated macrophages or TAMs, that are critical regulators of glioma progression. Certain mutations, however, can alter the function of these macrophages and make individuals more or less susceptible to brain tumors[18]. Sermorelin, it is now known, boosts the function of these particular macrophages and thus stimulates the immune response against glioma cells. 

Of course, a balance must be struck to balance sermorelin cost and benefit in the setting of cancer because certain cancer cells express GH receptors on their surface and benefit from increased GH levels. So, while gliomas can be kept in check by sermorelin, certain other tumors, such as prostate tumors, may be encouraged to grow as a result of its administration[19]. Of course, this research is countered by other research that shows GHRH analogues have a positive impact on prostate cancer, helping to slow tumor growth and eve reverse some of the side effects of more conventional prostate cancer treatments thus allowing for extended treatment durations or increased treatment intensities that can result in improved outcomes[20]. Clearly the picture is complicated and more research needs to be done to tease out the specifics. 

Interestingly, it seems that administration of sermorelin in early life has greater benefit than administration in later life. In mouse models, sermorelin enhances longevity when administered starting at a young age, but may have no impact on longevity (perhaps as a result of its mixed effects in those with existing tumors) when administered at an older age. In other words, sermorelin costs, in the biological sense, increase in certain settings and are thus lower when the peptide is utilized preventatively rather than curatively. Further research is necessary to understand the optimal timeframe and dosage for administration of sermorelin. 

Sermorelin Summary 

Sermorelin is a synthetic peptide that acts as a growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog. It is used therapeutically to stimulate the natural production and release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. While sermorelin has been studied for its potential effects on various aspects of aging, it's important to note that the current understanding of its impact is still developing, and more research is needed to fully elucidate its efficacy and safety in this context. 

Research does indicate that optimizing growth hormone levels through sermorelin therapy may have potential anti-aging effects. These effects could include improvements in body composition, muscle mass, metabolism, immune function, and potentially even cardiovascular health. Individual response to sermorelin therapy can vary, and not everyone may experience the same benefits or improvements. Much of this individual response is determined by baseline growth hormone levels and the age at which sermorelin administration begins. 

It's also important to note that while sermorelin therapy may be part of some anti-aging strategies in the future, adopting a comprehensive approach to healthy aging is crucial at any stage of life. This includes maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, getting adequate sleep, managing stress, and other lifestyle factors that have been scientifically proven to promote well-being and longevity. 

Resources 

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[7] R. M. Kanashiro-Takeuchi et al., “New therapeutic approach to heart failure due to myocardial infarction based on targeting growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor,” Oncotarget, vol. 6, no. 12, Art. no. 12, 2015, doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.3303. 

[8] A. C. Rieger et al., “Growth hormone-releasing hormone agonists ameliorate chronic kidney disease-induced heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., vol. 118, no. 4, Art. no. 4, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1073/pnas.2019835118. 

[9] R. A. Dulce et al., “Synthetic growth hormone-releasing hormone agonist ameliorates the myocardial pathophysiology characteristic of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,” Cardiovasc. Res., vol. 118, no. 18, pp. 3586–3601, Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvac098. 

[10] R. M. Kanashiro-Takeuchi et al., “Activation of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor stimulates cardiac reverse remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI),” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., vol. 109, no. 2, pp. 559–563, Jan. 2012, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1119203109. 

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[12] L.-P. Cen et al., “Agonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone enhances retinal ganglion cell protection induced by macrophages after optic nerve injury,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., vol. 118, no. 28, p. e1920834118, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1920834118. 

[13] M. C. Thounaojam et al., “Protective effects of agonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in early experimental diabetic retinopathy,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., vol. 114, no. 50, pp. 13248–13253, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1718592114. 

[14] L. Recinella et al., “Antinflammatory, antioxidant, and behavioral effects induced by administration of growth hormone-releasing hormone analogs in mice,” Sci. Rep., vol. 10, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-57292-z. 

[15] S. Z. Hasnain, J. B. Prins, and M. A. McGuckin, “Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in β-cell dysfunction in diabetes,” J. Mol. Endocrinol., vol. 56, no. 2, pp. R33-54, Feb. 2016, doi: 10.1530/JME-15-0232. 

[16] K. Rodrigues-Dos-Santos et al., “Effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone agonistic analog MR-409 on insulin-secreting cells under cyclopiazonic acid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress,” Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., vol. 535, p. 111379, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111379. 

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[19] L. Muñoz-Moreno et al., “Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of GHRH antagonists in prostate cancer,” Oncotarget, vol. 7, no. 32, pp. 52195–52206, Aug. 2016, doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.10710. 

[20] Y. Xu, Y. F. Jiang, and B. Wu, “New agonist- and antagonist-based treatment approaches for advanced prostate cancer,” J. Int. Med. Res., vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 1217–1226, 2012, doi: 10.1177/147323001204000401. 

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