What Is Delta 8 THC

As the discourse around cannabis and its various compounds gains momentum worldwide, understanding the specifics becomes vital. This article ventures into one such compound, Delta-8 Tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-8 THC), which is becoming increasingly popular and controversial in equal measure.

Understanding Delta 8 THC

Definition of THC

Tetrahydrocannabinol, better known by its abbreviation THC, is one of the 113 identified cannabinoids in the cannabis plant. It's the primary psychoactive compound, responsible for the "high" often associated with cannabis use. THC works by interacting with the body's endocannabinoid system (ECS), specifically by binding to the CB1 and CB2 receptors, primarily located in the brain and central nervous system.

The binding triggers a series of reactions leading to altered perception, euphoria, and other sensory experiences. It's important to note that THC also has several potential therapeutic applications, including pain relief, reducing nausea, and stimulating appetite.

Different forms of THC

When referring to THC, most people are talking about Delta-9 THC, the most common form and the one most extensively studied for its effects and therapeutic benefits. However, Delta-9 is just one form of THC. The cannabis plant contains several variants, each with subtle differences in their molecular structures and effects on the body.

Delta-9 THC: This is the primary psychoactive component of cannabis and the most abundant THC variant in most cannabis strains. It has a strong affinity for CB1 receptors in the brain, leading to the psychoactive effects typically associated with cannabis use.
Delta-8 THC: This less common variant is chemically similar to Delta-9, with the difference lying in the placement of a particular double bond. This slight shift results in a less potent impact on the CB1 receptors, resulting in a milder, more clear-headed high. Delta-8 is also notable for its potential therapeutic benefits, including antiemetic (anti-nausea), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), and analgesic (pain-relieving) properties.
THCA (Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid): This is the most common form in which THC is found in the raw cannabis plant. It's a non-psychoactive precursor to Delta-9 THC, which becomes Delta-9 through a process called decarboxylation – typically achieved through heat .
THCV (Tetrahydrocannabivarin): This variant has a similar molecular structure to THC but with a shorter side chain. This slight variation leads to different effects on the CB1 and CB2 receptors, and consequently, its effects are different. Current research suggests potential benefits in areas such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and obesity.

Benefits of Delta 8 THC

Therapeutic effects

Delta-8 THC is gaining attention for its potential therapeutic effects, similar to those reported for Delta-9 THC but with a less intense psychoactive experience. Some of the potential therapeutic benefits associated with Delta-8 THC include:

Pain Relief: Like other cannabinoids, Delta-8 THC may have analgesic properties, making it a potential tool for managing pain . This can be particularly useful in conditions like chronic pain, where conventional pain relief methods might not provide adequate relief.
Anti-Anxiety: Anecdotal reports often describe the effects of Delta-8 THC as producing a calm, focused high, without the anxiety that some people experience with Delta-9 THC. This suggests potential anti-anxiety applications, although clinical research is needed to confirm this effect.
Anti-Nausea: Delta-8 THC may have antiemetic properties, meaning it could help reduce nausea and vomiting. This could be particularly useful for patients undergoing treatments such as chemotherapy, which often causes severe nausea.
Appetite Stimulant: Like Delta-9 THC, Delta-8 THC might also function as an effective appetite stimulant. This could be particularly beneficial for individuals suffering from conditions that cause appetite loss, such as HIV/AIDS and certain types of cancer.
Neuroprotective Properties: Some research suggests that Delta-8 THC might have neuroprotective effects, which could be beneficial in diseases that cause the degeneration of the nervous system, like Alzheimer's disease. However, these studies are in very early stages.
Anti-Inflammatory: Preliminary studies suggest Delta-8 THC might have anti-inflammatory properties. This effect, common to many cannabinoids, could potentially benefit conditions characterized by inflammation, such as arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease.
Reduced Psychotic Symptoms: Some research suggests that Delta-8 THC might help reduce symptoms in individuals with disorders like schizophrenia, although this research is in very early stages.
Improved Cognitive Function: Early research indicates that Delta-8 THC could potentially improve cognitive function in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases, although further investigation is needed.

Risks and Side Effects of Delta 8 THC

Short-term effects

The short-term effects of Delta-8 THC are generally milder than those of Delta-9 THC due to its lower potency. It typically delivers a clear-headed high with less anxiety and paranoia, often associated with Delta-9 THC. Some common short-term effects can include:

Psychoactive Effects: Users typically report a feeling of euphoria, mood elevation, and increased sensory perception.
Cognitive Effects: Impairments in memory, coordination, and concentration can occur. This can impact activities such as driving, operating machinery, or any other activity requiring full cognitive function.
Physical Effects: These can include changes in heart rate, dry mouth, and red eyes. In higher doses, Delta-8 THC can cause dizziness and nausea.

Long-term effects

The long-term effects of Delta-8 THC are not well-studied, given its relatively recent rise in popularity and use. However, if we draw parallels from studies on Delta-9 THC, long-term use could potentially lead to:

Cognitive Impairment: Chronic use of Delta-9 THC is associated with cognitive impairment, particularly affecting memory and concentration. While Delta-8 THC is less potent, its impact on cognitive function over the long term requires more research.
Mental Health Issues: Some studies suggest that heavy, prolonged use of Delta-9 THC may be associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders, including anxiety, depression, and in some cases, psychosis. It is not clear if these risks also apply to Delta-8 THC, and more research is needed.

Delta 8 THC vs. Delta 9 THC

Understanding the nuanced differences between Delta-8 THC and Delta-9 THC can help shed light on the multifaceted nature of cannabis. Despite their similarities, these two compounds exhibit distinctive attributes when it comes to their molecular structure, psychoactive effects, and legal status.

Molecular structure comparison

Both Delta-8 and Delta-9 THC have similar molecular structures as they both possess double bonds in their molecular chain. However, the primary difference lies in the placement of this double bond. Delta-9 THC has this bond on the ninth carbon chain, while Delta-8 THC has it on the eighth.

This slight difference in the placement of the double bond drastically influences how each compound interacts with the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS is responsible for maintaining the body's internal balance and regulates various functions such as mood, appetite, and sleep. The compounds' different structures affect their affinity for certain ECS receptors, leading to different effects.

Psychoactive effects

While both Delta-8 and Delta-9 THC are psychoactive and can induce a 'high', their effects can be quite distinct. Delta-9 THC has a strong affinity for the CB1 receptors in the brain and is known for producing intense psychoactive effects, including feelings of euphoria, altered sensory perception, and, in some instances, anxiety or paranoia.

On the other hand, Delta-8 THC, due to its different molecular structure, binds to the CB1 receptors in a slightly different way, leading to less potent psychoactive effects. Users often report a more clear-headed and relaxed high, with less anxiety and paranoia. Some also suggest that Delta-8 THC leads to fewer memory issues than its Delta-9 counterpart.

Legal aspects

The legality of Delta-8 and Delta-9 THC is complex and varies significantly from one jurisdiction to another. In the United States, for example, Delta-9 THC is classified as a Schedule I substance under federal law, making it illegal in states without specific laws legalizing cannabis.

Delta-8 THC, on the other hand, falls into a bit of a grey area. The 2018 Farm Bill federally legalized hemp and all its derivatives, including Delta-8 THC if derived from hemp. However, because Delta-8 THC can also be synthesized from Delta-9 THC, its legality can be contentious, and laws vary across states.

Globally, the legality of these compounds differs wildly, with some countries having fully legalized cannabis, while others have strict prohibitions in place.

Safety and potential risks

Both Delta 8 and Delta 9 THC are generally considered safe when used responsibly and in moderation. However, these are psychoactive substances, and their safety is heavily dependent on the individual, their health condition, the method of consumption, and the dosage.

Delta 8 THC, due to its less potent effects, is often described as providing a more relaxed and clear-headed experience. Users typically report fewer instances of paranoia and anxiety, which are side effects sometimes associated with Delta 9 THC. However, this doesn't imply that Delta 8 THC is entirely free of side effects or risks.

Potential Risks

Psychoactive Effects: Both Delta 8 and Delta 9 THC have psychoactive effects, meaning they can alter your perception, mood, and consciousness. Even though Delta 8 is reported to have milder effects, overconsumption can lead to uncomfortable experiences.
Impaired Motor Function: Like Delta 9 THC, Delta 8 can impair motor function and reaction times. Driving or operating heavy machinery under the influence of either compound is strongly discouraged.
Long-term Effects: The long-term effects of both Delta 8 and Delta 9 THC are not entirely understood and are the subject of ongoing research. Regular, heavy use of Delta 9 THC has been associated with cognitive impairment and mental health issues in some people, but it's unclear if these concerns fully apply to Delta 8 THC.
Product Safety: The rise in popularity of Delta 8 THC has led to a proliferation of products on the market, not all of which may be safe. Delta 8 THC is typically produced by chemically altering CBD or Delta 9 THC, a process that, if not done correctly, can lead to harmful byproducts. Therefore, it's crucial to buy from reputable sources and ensure that products are third-party tested for safety and purity.

Conclusion

In the rapidly evolving world of cannabis and cannabinoid science, Delta-8 THC represents an exciting frontier. This lesser-known cousin of Delta-9 THC promises a range of potential benefits - from pain relief and anti-anxiety effects to neuroprotection and anti-nausea properties, all with a milder psychoactive profile.

Yet, as we venture into this new territory, it's essential to move with caution and mindfulness. Despite the promise, there's much we don't know about Delta-8 THC, with research in its early stages. The long-term effects and dependence potential remain largely unknown, and the safety and quality of Delta-8 THC products on the market can vary widely due to a lack of regulation.

In conclusion, Delta-8 THC could be a transformative player in the world of cannabis therapeutics. However, more research is needed to ensure its safe and effective use. For those considering trying Delta-8 THC, it's crucial to source from reputable suppliers, consume responsibly, and consult with a healthcare provider if you have any underlying health conditions. As we continue to unlock the mysteries of the cannabis plant and its many compounds, the future of Delta-8 THC looks promising and full of potential.

Disclaimer: The above is a sponsored post, the views expressed are those of the sponsor/author and do not represent the stand and views of Outlook Editorial.