The term 'Mandal-Kamandal' gained centrality in the mid-90s in the complex political landscape of two Hindi heartlands --Uttar Pradesh and Bihar--and has been used by regional parties, which mainly stuck to caste-based...
The Mandal Commission also used levels of education and income as indicators to determine which castes to list as backward. However, in computing the final ‘backwardness’ score of each caste, social backwardness was...
The resurgence of 'Mandal' –caste-based identity politics and 'Kamandal' - mixing caste-based identity politics in the Hindutva project, set the stage of the election in UP.
