Across 5,000 years of human history, civilizations that embraced breakthrough technologies have not only gained power but also enduring prosperity. The Sumerians developed cuneiform and irrigation, enabling trade, taxation, and state control. Ancient Egypt’s engineering and administrative systems transformed resource management into lasting wealth. China’s dynasties advanced paper, printing, and the compass, driving scientific discovery and trade across continents. The Islamic Golden Age merged intellectual and financial innovations to connect vast economies. Industrial Europe mechanized production, creating capitalism and global finance. Post-war America leveraged semiconductors, space tech, and the internet to dominate the 20th century’s financial landscape.