In August 2024, the JMA issued its first special advisory for the southern half of Japan’s Pacific coast, cautioning of a possible “megaquake” along the Nankai Trough—an 800-kilometre undersea trench where the Philippine Sea plate is slowly subducting beneath the plate supporting the Japanese archipelago. Government projections suggest a Nankai Trough quake and subsequent tsunami could kill up to 298,000 people and cause as much as $2 trillion in damage. That advisory, which lasted a week, sparked panic-buying of essentials and led to holiday cancellations.