Operation Epic Fury cost the US military $33.4 billion by 29 June, according to a Lead Inspector General report.
Expended munitions accounted for the largest share at $22.3 billion, alongside $7.4 billion in incremental obligations and $3.7 billion in equipment losses.
The Pentagon warned of strategic inventory shortfalls and persistent bottlenecks in solid rocket motors, propellants, and skilled manufacturing labour.