Finally, and most importantly, India is a weak state, and the ability of the government to choose rationally between alternative policies, to implement, to monitor, to enforce, and to adjudicate, by world standards, is very limited—and Modi will have to find a way to strengthen the sinews of government. As things stand, India has one MP for every 2 million citizens—in Sri Lanka, it is one for every 89,000 people (so also in the UK). It has 6,000 frontline administrators (the IAS) which is one for every 2 lakh people. The Indian Foreign Service has 600 officers, about the size of Belgium’s diplomatic service. The Indian Police Service is understaffed to the tune of 1,200 officers. Out of 50 countries for which there are figures, India is 49th in terms of the police-to-population ratio (only Uganda is lower). India has only 14 judges per million people, the fourth lowest amongst 65 countries—only Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Kenya ranked lower than India. The Indian courts have a backlog of 31 million cases; the upper courts alone had four million and the Supreme Court has 59,000 in arrears. First-year law associates get paid better than Supreme Court judges, and the Chief Justice of India has an average tenure of one year. Last but not least, many of India’s laws are antiquated and need to be overhauled and simplified.