The Great Divide
Jammu's Anger
- Wants restoration of the 39.88 hectares of land allotted to the Amarnath Shrine Board. The J&K government has withdrawn the allocation.
- Governor N.N. Vohra, seen as sympathetic to the Kashmiris, should quit
- Kashmir-sympathetic leadership at the state and Centre discriminated against the Jammu region
- The 2001 National Conference government legislation has put a ban on delimitation of constituencies till 2026. People in the Jammu region, which has more area and population than the Valley, feel they deserve more seats in the assembly.
Discontent In The Valley
- Don't want restoration of land to the Amarnath shrine board
- Many feel diversion of land to the shrine board means settlements of non-Kashmiris in the Valley
- Resentment against blockade of the Jammu-Srinagar highway by Hindu protesters
Genesis Of The Controversy
- May 26: The Congress-People's Democratic Party (PDP) government clears the diversion of 39.88 hectares of land to the Amarnath Shrine Board. The allotment is approved by two PDP ministers.
- A few days after the land diversion is approved, the PDP launches an agitation against it. Violent protests in the Valley.
- June 28: PDP withdraws support to Ghulam Nabi Azad's Congress-led government.
- June 29: Governor N.N. Vohra, also the chairman of the shrine board, says the board doesn't need the land
- July 1: The minority government reverses its earlier allotment of land. The Azad government falls on July 7.
- Valley celebrates the reversing of the land transfer order. However, Hindu anger erupts in the Jammu region. The state has been on the boil ever since.
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"Awake Jammu! Awake! This is the time to come out and show our unity and strength. If you miss this opportunity, your children will ask you why you have become slaves of a Kashmir-centric leadership. Pass this SMS to at least 10
Jammuites...."
—Text message which spread like wildfire, leading to a state clampdown on SMSes
It's 11.30 pm on August 4 in Samba, a small district town 30 km south of Jammu. The national highway is deserted, the army columns are on vigil. Along a one-kilometre patch left unguarded by the forces, a group of defiant men, women and children are out holding candles, beating 'thalis' with ladles and shouting anti-government slogans.
If ever there was a time in the people's consciousness of their own power to change destiny, of a defiance of the law of the land and an awareness that history is being made, Jammu is witnessing it now. Right or wrong, years of pent-up anger at jobs denied, of being asked to sacrifice their interests for the larger cause of retaining Kashmir within India and being in a state where decision-making was always in the hands of leaders from Kashmir, it's now all coming out.
As a stunned leadership in Delhi and Srinagar watches helplessly, the anger is not just being articulated from conventional political forums or dharna venues. It comes from inside the kitchens of housewives in Muthi, the narrow bylanes of Purani Mandi in Jammu city, college girls in Nagrota, schoolchildren in Akhnoor and even the swish set living in posh Jammu colonies.
| | | | Mehbooba Mufti was gheraoed over her "two-and-a-half district agitation" comment. | | | | |
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They are pouring out in thousands, defying curfews and braving police battalions across the region.
What began as an agitation by the Amarnath Sangharsh Samiti (ASS), a group of some 30-odd social, political and religious organisations, against the revocation of the state order diverting 39.88 hectares of forest land to the Amarnath Shrine Board on July 1 is now fast becoming a people's movement for regional equality. As B.S. Salathia, president, Jammu Bar Association and among the brains trust of the ASS puts out, "It's a god-given opportunity for Jammuites to unite against years of injustice meted out by governments sitting in Kashmir." Meanwhile, on August 7, the BJP, despite the Centre's pleas to desist, decided to go ahead with a three-day nationwide strike on the Amarnath issue from August 11.
A couple of days back, the ASS rejected an offer by J&K governor N.N. Vohra to come and "see how the land at Baltal is being used by yatris". Vohra has now constituted a four-member committee of eminent people from Jammu to talk to the ASS. But passions are running high and the provocative posturing of politicians in Kashmir has not helped matters. The ASS is also sore that the all-party meeting called by the PM in Delhi this week ignored it and chose instead to talk to those political parties responsible for the problem in the first place.
Take the PDP's Mehbooba Mufti, who was gheraoed at Jammu airport by angry agitators because it was the party-sponsored protests in Kashmir which forced the government to take back the land allotted to the shrine board.
| | | | All 3 Congress MPs, and even the Muslim organisations in Jammu support the protests. | | | | |
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Her remark that the Jammu agitation is just "in two-and-a-half districts" (Jammu, Kathua and Udhampur) surrounded by Muslim- dominated areas has enraged people here. Her other statement, "Don't lose Kashmir for just 800 kanals of land," is seen here as yet another attempt to blackmail the government.
Meanwhile, Omar Abdullah of the National Conference has become persona non grata in the entire Jammu region for
his speech in Parliament. Former CM Ghulam Nabi Azad is facing not only the ire of the people but also the wrath of party legislators from the Jammu region. All three Congress MPs—Karan Singh, Madan Lal Sharma and Lal Singh—as well as some party legislators have come out in support of the ASS and are demanding Vohra's removal.
What is now becoming clear is that even if the land transfer row is resolved, Jammuites are no longer prepared to be subjugated to a Kashmiri-dominant leadership. A persistent refrain here is the unequal distribution of electoral constituencies vis-a-vis the population and land area of both regions. An angry Abhinav Sharma, a Jammu HC lawyer, says, "Even though Kashmir has just 20.8 lakh voters, against Jammu's 30.5 lakh voters and with a larger area too, we have just 37 assembly constituencies while Kashmir has 46, the remaining four being with Ladakh." The Farooq Abdullah government in 2001 amended the state's constitution to ban delimitation of constituencies till 2026. This has effectively nixed the possibility of Jammu region getting a greater share of political power.
The unexpectedly belligerent reactions in Jammu has also irked separatists in the Valley. Syed Ali Shah Geelani of the Jamaat-e-Islami has described the ASS agitation as an "assault on the Muslims of Jammu". The moderate Mirwaiz Umer Farooq has begun talking of a separate state for Jammu's Dogras.
If there is a ray of hope in the sharply polarised environment, it is Jammu's Muslims who have so far defied provocation by Valley-based leaders to rise against the "communal Hindus". The Muslim Federation based in Jammu representing the community in the districts of Rajouri, Poonch, Doda, Kishtwar and Jammu supports the ASS and has even joined protest marches at many places. "The Muslims here have never felt comfortable with the Kashmiri Muslims... they look down on us. We feel the ASS is fighting for a just cause," federation spokesman Suhel Qazmi told
Outlook.
Meanwhile, it's been a non-stop 13-day bandh and six days of curfew in Jammu, Kathua, Udhampur and surrounding areas. This has led to acute shortages of essential commodities. "Kashmir was closed for just three days and the government quickly revoked the land order. We have been agitating for over a month and no one is bothered. But we will not stop," says Kamal Sharma, a shopkeeper in Muthi, 10 km outside Jammu.
Meanwhile, a jittery state administration is waiting for some central initiative to defuse the situation. Fifteen people have already died in the current conflagration in Jammu and the Valley. Despite army presence, processions continue to defy curfew, chants of "Bam Bam Bhole" reverberate across the region. If the Sangh outfits fanned the issue in the initial days, the situation is now outside even their purview. In fact, it has spread to places where the parivar has no presence. No one, it seems, has any idea how to get the genie back into the bottle.